Integrated writing

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Модератор: Max

Vesta87.87
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Re: Integrated writing

Непрочитанное сообщение Vesta87.87 » Пн авг 05, 2013 10:29 am

READING
Scant physical evidence remains of the first human domestication of grain. Still, there is enough to conclude that ancient peoples, motivated by the nutritional value of bread or cakes made of wild wheat, looked for controlled ways to grow it to provide a consistent food supply. Three related discoveries are likely to have led to the introduction of bread as the first grain-based food.

The first discovery .was that wheat could be prepared for use by grinding. People probably began consuming wheat by chewing it raw. Because wheat is very hard, they gradually discovered that it was less trouble to eat if crushed to paste between two stones. The result would have been the ancestor of the drier, more powdery wheat flour we use today.

From there, it was a short step to the next breakthrough—baking the simplest bread, which requires no technology but fire. Loaves of wheat paste, when baked into bread, could be stored for long periods, certainly longer than raw seeds. This kept the food value of wheat available for an extended period after it had been harvested.

Finally, ancient peoples found that, if the paste was allowed to sit in the open, yeast spores from the air settled on it and began fermenting the wheat. This natural process of fermentation caused bubbles to form in the wheat paste, suggesting that it would be lighter in texture and even easier to eat when baked.

LECTURE
Professor: Conventional wisdom says that a very primitive kind of bread was the first grain food that human societies ate. But, you know, for the last few decades, there's been an alternative hypothesis that quite a few anthropologists are starting to give a closer look. That hypothesis says that it was, in fact, beer—not bread—that was the first grain food. Sound strange? Consider a couple of things.

For one thing, you don't have to grind wheat to make it easier to eat. If you keep it : in a moist environment, it naturally starts sprouting, with a new baby plant splitting the hard seed case in half. Sprouted wheat is sweeter, softer, and actually more nutritious than whole wheat seeds—and it would have developed without human effort. In order to discover the usefulness of ground wheat, someone had to get the bright idea of crushing it. To discover the usefulness of sprouted wheat, people just had to do nothing and let it sit. Which do you think happened first?

Another thing: What turns grain into beer is fermentation, and wheat begins to ferment almost as soon as it's stored—from water and yeasts in the air. After the wheat sprouted, it would have started to ferment. The process would have been obvious because of the bubbles and foam that formed. People could have experimented by tasting it and discovering the first beer.

And even if you assume that people were already grinding wheat to paste, think about it. The paste ferments and bubbles. Is it likely that early peoples would have thought to fire it before eating? We're used to cooking our food, but in prehistoric times, the idea that you would take fire to food to improve it for eating was not obvious.

A High-Scoring Response
In the lecture, the professor makes several points about the first wheat product. The professor argues that beer was the first wheat product. This is different from the reading, which states that bread came first. However, the teacher cast doubt on the reading with several points. First of all, the teacher says that wheat doesn't have to be ground. It is easy to people to eat wheat when it sprouts. This is not what the reading states, it says that early people ground wheat into a paste be¬cause it hard to eat. The lecture casts doubt on this by showing another way to eat wheat.
Also, the talk says that fermenting happens very fast. This fermenting leads to a foam, which people prob¬ably tasted as the first beer. In the reading, it is argued that fermenting made people think to bake the bread. The professor doubts this point by stating it is unlikely.
Finally, the profesor argues that people woud not think to bake the wheat. The point is made that early people do not cook things. These points made by the teacher cast doubt on the reading. It seems like beer not bread was the first wheat food.

Вот их комментарий:
COMMENTARY
This essay is by no means perfect. The writer misspelled "professor" throughout the essay and makes a number of errors with subject-verb agreement (for example, "the teacher cast doubt" instead of "casts doubt"). The important thing is that those errors do not detract from the overall message of the essay.
Score: 5 This essay received the highest possible score of 5 because it does many things well.
• First, it is extremely well organized. It has a clear introduction, body paragraphs, and a conclusion. It is also easy to follow because the essay uses appropriate transitions to link ideas.
• Also, the essay has a good length—199 words.
• More important, the author mentions several specific examples from the talk and shows how they are different from the points in the reading. That level of detail is necessary for a top score on the TOEFL.

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future
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Re: Integrated writing

Непрочитанное сообщение future » Пн авг 05, 2013 10:42 am

Vesta87.87 писал(а):
Ух, расцеловала бы :give_rose:
Весточка, а нет ли случайно такого счастья для спикинга?
***
У меня был родственник, который учил тригонометрию до тех пор, пока у него не обвисли усы, а когда все выучил, явилась какая-то морра и съела его. Да, и после он лежал в морровом брюхе, такой умненький!

Vesta87.87
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Re: Integrated writing

Непрочитанное сообщение Vesta87.87 » Пн авг 05, 2013 10:52 am

Должно быть, как дойду, отсканирую и выложу.

На здоровье! Скорей бы сдать эти тесты и жить дальше :crazy:

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future
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Re: Integrated writing

Непрочитанное сообщение future » Пн авг 05, 2013 10:59 am

Vesta87.87 писал(а):Должно быть, как дойду, отсканирую и выложу.

На здоровье! Скорей бы сдать эти тесты и жить дальше :crazy:
И не говори, мозг кипит, нервы от него не отстают :stars:
Жду с нетерпением!
***
У меня был родственник, который учил тригонометрию до тех пор, пока у него не обвисли усы, а когда все выучил, явилась какая-то морра и съела его. Да, и после он лежал в морровом брюхе, такой умненький!

chemist
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Re: Integrated writing

Непрочитанное сообщение chemist » Пн авг 05, 2013 11:00 am

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Последний раз редактировалось chemist Вт ноя 25, 2014 12:51 pm, всего редактировалось 1 раз.

Vesta87.87
Сообщения: 1066
Зарегистрирован: Сб авг 07, 2010 8:15 am
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Re: Integrated writing

Непрочитанное сообщение Vesta87.87 » Пн авг 05, 2013 11:05 am

Я использовала ее, но частично, то есть не слово в слово.
А какой минус? То, что ее используют все? :D

chemist
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Зарегистрирован: Чт мар 22, 2012 7:37 pm

Re: Integrated writing

Непрочитанное сообщение chemist » Пн авг 05, 2013 11:08 am

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Последний раз редактировалось chemist Вт ноя 25, 2014 12:52 pm, всего редактировалось 1 раз.

Vesta87.87
Сообщения: 1066
Зарегистрирован: Сб авг 07, 2010 8:15 am
Откуда: Barnaul-> Flagstaff, AZ -> Oxford, MS -> Boston, MA

Re: Integrated writing

Непрочитанное сообщение Vesta87.87 » Пн авг 05, 2013 11:19 am

У меня такая проблема: я не могу вычленить основные мысли лекции, фокусируюсь на деталях. Думаю, поэтому у меня не очень за эту секцию. Но оценка 24 была в последний раз. Как-то раз 26 была даже.
Пока что лучшей стратегии я не нашла в книгах, поэтому придерживаюсь этой.

chemist
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Re: Integrated writing

Непрочитанное сообщение chemist » Пн авг 05, 2013 12:42 pm

.
Последний раз редактировалось chemist Вт ноя 25, 2014 12:52 pm, всего редактировалось 3 раза.

Maxim
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Re: Integrated writing

Непрочитанное сообщение Maxim » Пн авг 05, 2013 12:46 pm

Вы что, на полном серьезе заучиваете шаблон сочинения и потом в него что-то вставляете? ОМГ :unknown: А потом в жизни надо будет какой-нибудь репорт или email написать, тоже придется шаблон искать?

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